Forum 12 – Lesson 12

L12-Q1 Social Information Processing Model Question

 

Instructor:  Tom Anderson

 

Submitted by Kim Fitzer

 

Often, when the instructor gives a directive in class, students may exhibit any number of behaviors.  Some students will jump to action, some will begin to work on getting the action completed, others will do something else, and some will do nothing at all.  This complex set of reactions to what seems to be a rather simple request can be frustrating and irritating for the teacher.  Many times, the frustration may lead to punishment or reprimand for the students whose actions have failed to achieve the desired result, but is this the appropriate response for the teacher to take?

In order to understand why students behave the way they do in the classroom it may be helpful to understand what is going on in their minds.

 

Students process information by constructing meaning from a multitude of sensory inputs, stimuli that is often contradictory and simultaneous. This stimulus must be sorted and processed according to what the student already knows, what the student projects as needing to know, and how the student’s emotional response is stimulated by the past, present and future outcomes (Anderson, 2001).  In other words, all information is cognitively weighed according to what happened and worked in the past, how it relates to new information, and what emotions were generated then and now.  Anything that is interpreted as being unimportant or simply doesn’t fit with past, present and future patterns, is rejected.  This may explain why students fail to produce the desired response to a teacher’s directive in the classroom.  Some students may simply have “a lot on their minds,” and have no room for new stimulus.  Ignoring new stimulus, such as the teacher’s request to clean-up their desk, may have worked in the past (the request was ignored before), did not have undesirable consequences (no severe punishment was received), and the overall feeling was good (the desk remained dirty, nothing bad happened, life went on).  Thus, the student sees no immediate need to respond to the teachers request.

 

So how, without resorting to reprimands and punishment, does the teacher get the student to clean her desk?  The answer may be in looking at which student goals, instructional goals, and classroom goals coincide, and which may be contradictory.  

Students have three primary sets of internal and external goals that are likely to be influencing their actions at any time.  They are Bio-psychological personal goals (appearance, health, basic biological needs such as food, water, sex, etc.), Social and Psychological Person Goals (acceptance, fun, conflict resolution with others, avoidance of conflict, support of friends, classmates, asking for help) and Cognitive Life Personal Goals (to learn a variety of important things, to graduate, to get a good job, to make money, etc.) (Anderson, 2001).  The key is to understand which sets of goals are operating within the student, and then choose the appropriate action for redirecting behavior.  Anderson suggests using a series of questions designed to uncover the cause of the behavior, and then calmly and quietly redirect the student to choose more appropriate behavior.  In many cases, even the student may be somewhat surprised to discover the cause of her actions, and quickly respond to display the desired behavior.

 

References  

 

Anderson, Thomas H.  2001.  A Social Information Processing Model.   Retrieved from the World Wide Web on 12/2/01.